Economy and Society
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What was the main economic system in Russia before the Revolution?
a) Capitalism
b) Feudalism
c) Socialism
d) Communism
2. Who were the kulaks in Russian society?
a) Nobles who controlled large estates
b) Wealthy landlords who exploited peasants
c) Factory workers in urban areas
d) Political leaders of the Russian Revolution
3. What was the condition of industrial workers in Russia in the early 20th century?
a) They had good wages and working conditions
b) They worked in dangerous conditions with long hours and low pay
c) They had strong trade unions to protect their rights
d) They were part of the upper class
4. What role did peasants play in the Russian economy before the Revolution?
a) They owned most of the land
b) They were primarily subsistence farmers who paid heavy taxes
c) They controlled major industries
d) They had political power in the Russian government
5. What was one major cause of economic unrest in Russia before the Revolution?
a) Overproduction of goods
b) The wealth gap between peasants and the aristocracy
c) Excessive foreign investments
d) Lack of industrial growth
Answers & Explanations
1. b) Russia was primarily a feudal society with a strong aristocracy .
2. b) Kulaks were wealthy landlords who controlled large agricultural estates .
3. b) Industrial workers faced long hours, poor wages, and unsafe working conditions .
4. b) Peasants worked primarily on small farms and were burdened with high taxes .
5. b) The economic divide between the wealthy and the poor led to widespread dissatisfaction .
Socialism in Russia
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which political ideology gained popularity in Russia before the 1917 Revolution?
a) Liberalism
b) Socialism
c) Fascism
d) Capitalism
2. Who led the Bolshevik Party during the Russian Revolution?
a) Joseph Stalin
b) Leon Trotsky
c) Vladimir Lenin
d) Nicholas II
3. What was the main goal of the Bolsheviks?
a) To establish a capitalist economy
b) To abolish private property and create a socialist state
c) To restore the monarchy
d) To maintain a strong feudal system
4. How did Lenin’s ideas differ from Karl Marx’s original theories?
a) Lenin believed a revolution could be led by a small group of professional revolutionaries
b) Lenin supported monarchy along with socialism
c) Lenin promoted socialism but opposed communism
d) Lenin wanted to create a socialist society without a revolution
5. What was the impact of socialism on Russian industries after the Revolution?
a) Industries were nationalized and controlled by the state
b) Factories were privatized and sold to wealthy individuals
c) The economy became dependent on foreign investors
d) Industrial production declined significantly
Answers & Explanations
1. b) Socialism gained popularity as workers and peasants sought an end to exploitation .
2. c) Lenin was the leader of the Bolsheviks and played a key role in the Revolution .
3. b) The Bolsheviks aimed to abolish private property and create a socialist state .
4. a) Lenin believed a small group of professional revolutionaries could lead a successful revolution .
5. a) After the revolution, industries were nationalized and placed under state control .
Turbulent Time: The 1905 Revolution
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What event triggered the 1905 Revolution in Russia?
a) The fall of the Berlin Wall
b) The assassination of Tsar Nicholas II
c) The Bloody Sunday massacre
d) The Russian Civil War
2. What was the primary demand of workers during the 1905 Revolution?
a) The restoration of feudalism
b) Better wages, reduced working hours, and democratic reforms
c) The establishment of a new monarchy
d) Expansion of the Russian Empire
3. How did Tsar Nicholas II respond to the 1905 Revolution?
a) He abdicated immediately
b) He granted the October Manifesto, promising political reforms
c) He declared war on Britain
d) He gave workers complete control over industries
4. What was the significance of the Russian Parliament (Duma) created after 1905?
a) It established a functioning democracy in Russia
b) It gave complete power to the common people
c) It was largely controlled by the Tsar and had limited real power
d) It led directly to the collapse of the Russian Empire
5. Why did the 1905 Revolution ultimately fail to overthrow the Tsar?
a) Lack of unity among revolutionaries and continued military loyalty to the Tsar
b) Strong international support for the Tsar
c) Economic stability in Russia
d) The revolutionaries’ refusal to use violence
Answers & Explanations
1. c) The Bloody Sunday massacre, where unarmed protestors were shot, triggered the revolution .
2. b) Workers demanded better wages, reduced working hours, and democratic reforms .
3. b) Tsar Nicholas II issued the October Manifesto, promising reforms but later suppressing dissent .
4. c) The Duma was created but remained under the Tsar’s control with limited real power .
5. a) The revolution failed due to a lack of unity among revolutionaries and the continued loyalty of the military to the Tsar .
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